domingo, 1 de abril de 2012

A Brief History Of Judaism

By Owen Jones


It has been estimated that about 80% of the world's populace have faith in in one religion or another (and there are plenty of them), but about 70% of those are adherents to the big four. The four largest religions are: Christianity, Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism. Judaism is the precursor of both Islam and Christianity.

The Hebrew Bible retells the history of the world and the story of the passage of the people from creation, through the flood to the arrival in the Promised Land, or from Mesopotamia to Canaan, led by Abraham.

The offspring of Abraham and his nation were enslaved by the Egyptians and did not manage to escape until Moses led them out of imprisonment. During this journey, Moses received the Ten Commandments from God and they went on to become the bedrock of Jewish law and custom although there is no doubt that the Jewish mode of life has developed from this era in the Tenth Century before Christ.

The sacred texts of the Hebrew Bible or Masorah are separated into twenty-four books. However, the same texts are divided up into thirty-nine books in the Chirtian Bible's Old Testament. The Torah or The Law was being written at this time but it was altered and updated between the Tenth and Fifth Centuries before Christ.

In addition to the Hebrew scriptures, there is a rich tradition of ancient oral commentary known as the Talmud, which is a huge compilation of the Oral Law. The Talmud is the traditional authority for Orthodox Jews.

Judaism is the most ancient monotheistic religion known to the West. Jews believed in one God when all of the known world believed in pantheism or many gods like the Ancient Greeks. The name of God in the Jewish language is Yahweh and they believe that Yahweh agreed a covenant with His people to take care of them for ever so long as they were devoted exclusively to him.

In the Jewish faith, sin is the blatant disregard of God's will and that is liable to become punished by by God in a comparable manner to the Buddhist belief in karma.. The object of following God's Law is being accepted into His Kingdom.

Jews worship in synagogues in congregations led by Rabbis who are thought of as Teachers or Masters (as in the old style of calling teachers, 'masters') rather than as monks or vicars. The Jewish Sabbath is not the Sunday as in Christianity, but is observed from sunset Friday until sundown Saturday night.

The most important vacations or holy days in the Jewish calendar are: Rosh Hashanah (New Year); Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement); Hanukah (Festival of Lights) and Pesach (Passover). The Jewish nation does not celebrate Christmas because they believe that the Son of God is still yet to be born. They see Jesus as a prophet in the same manner as the Muslims do.




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